In the field of mineral processing, gravity separation (referred to as “gravity separation”) is a widely applied core separation technology. It relies on the density differences of minerals to achieve separation, with mature technology and strong adaptability, providing key support for the fine processing of mineral resources.
I. Core Principle: Based on density, it exerts force through the medium
The core of gravity separation is to utilize the differences in relative density (specific gravity) of minerals. When mineral particles of different densities enter moving media such as water, air or heavy liquid, under the combined action of gravity, fluid dynamics and mechanical forces, a loose and stratified environment is formed, ultimately achieving precise separation.
The essence of gravity separation is the “differentiated response” of mineral particle groups: different densities lead to differences in the gravitational force, resistance, and mechanical force acting on the mineral particles, which in turn result in different sedimentation speeds and movement trajectories. Particles with higher densities sink while those with lower densities float up, thus completing stratification.
It should be noted that the size and shape of the ore particles will affect the sorting accuracy. In practical applications, pretreatment is necessary to reduce interference and ensure the sorting effect.
Ii. Common Features: Four key elements outline the contours of re-election
Although there are various forms of gravity separation processes such as jigging and shaking tables, they all follow four core characteristics, which form their technical basis:
Differential premise: There are differences in density or particle size among ore particles, which is the fundamental condition for the realization of gravity separation.
Medium carrier: It relies on moving media such as water and air to transfer force. Different media are suitable for different sorting requirements.
The core of stratification: Multiple forces work together to loosen the mineral particle groups and stratify them according to density or particle size, laying the foundation for separation.
The key to separation: The medium transports stratified ore particles to different areas to obtain final products of different grades.
Iii. Industrial Value: Indispensable basic sorting operations
The industrial value of gravity separation is prominent, especially in the classification and dewatering processes based on particle size, which are essential procedures for all mineral processing plants.
Graded operation controls the particle size of ore to meet the requirements of each processing stage. Dehydration operation reduces the moisture content of the product, improves its quality and facilitates storage and transportation. These processes directly determine the efficiency and quality of the concentrator, highlighting the core position of gravity separation.
Gravity separation is based on the natural properties of minerals to build an efficient separation system, and it has the advantages of low energy consumption and low pollution. Under the background of green mine construction, its integration and innovation with modern technology continuously promote the high-quality development of the mineral processing industry.
